Yes, there is this shortcode to get the current language in WPML as mentioned above:
function get_language_shortcode() {
return apply_filters( 'wpml_current_language', null );
}
add_shortcode( 'language', 'get_language_shortcode' );
Right, probably more robust than checking the URL:
<Set currentLang><Shortcode language /></Set>
<Switch check="{Get currentLang}">
<When value="en" />
<Set string_cv> See the CV</Set>
<When />
<Set string_cv>Voir le CV</Set>
</Switch>
Thanks guys!